At the core of the tooth is soft tissue (otherwise known as pulp). The hollow area that houses this soft tissue contains a space towards the top of the tooth called the pulp chamber. This pulp chamber is connected to the root of the tooth via pipe-like canals, giving rise to the term “root canal”. The blood vessels in these canals provide nutrition to the tooth. Occasionally, the internal soft tissue of the tooth becomes infected and can result in a serious infection if left untreated. Root canal treatment should take place before the infection gets too serious.
The tooth is first anesthetized then a hole is made down into the pulp. The dentist uses tiny instruments to extract the remaining pulp tissue from the tooth, thoroughly disinfecting the root canal in the process. Once disinfected, the interior of the tooth is filled with an inert material that helps prevent further infection.